Built Environment
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Projects
DIPLOS - Dispersion of Localised Releases in a Street Network
Trevor Thomas, Ian Castro (Investigators)
The security threat level from international terrorism, introduced by the UK Security Service, has been classified as either "severe" or "critical" for much of its six-year history, and currently remains as "substantial" (source: MI5 website). Part of the risk posed by terrorist threats involves potential releases of air-borne chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) material into highly populated urbanised areas. Smoke from industrial accidents within or in the vicinity of urban areas also pose risks to health and can cause widespread disruption to businesses, public services and residents. The Buncefield depot fire of 2005 resulted in the evacuation of hundreds of homes and closure of more than 200 schools and public buildings for two days; consequences would have been much more severe if prevailing meteorological conditions had promoted mixing or entrainment of the smoke plume into the urban canopy. In both these scenarios it is crucial to be able to model, quickly and reliably, dispersion from localised sources through an urban street network in the short range, where the threat to human health is greatest. However, this is precisely where current operational models are least reliable because our understanding and ability to model short-range dispersion processes is limited. The contribution that DIPLOS will make is:
1. to fill in the gaps in fundamental knowledge and understanding of key dispersion processes,
2. to enable these processes to be parametrized for use in operational models,
3. to implement them into an operational model, evaluate the improvement and apply the model to a case study in central London
Most of the existing research on urban dispersion has focused on air quality aspects, with sources being extensive and distributed in space. Scientifically, this research is novel in focusing on localized releases within urban areas, and on dispersion processes at short range. Through a combination of fundamental studies using wind tunnel experiments and high resolution supercomputer simulations, extensive data analysis and development of theoretical and numerical models, DIPLOS will contribute to addressing this difficult and important problem from both a scientific research and a practical, operational perspective.
SAVE: Solent Achieving Value through Efficiency
Patrick James, Ben Anderson (Investigators), Luke Blunden
Analysis of 15 minute electricity consumption and 10 second instantaneous power data from 4,000+ households in the Solent region collected over 3 years of a randomised control trial study.
Spatially Embedded Complex Systems Engineering
Seth Bullock (Investigator)
SECSE brought together an interdisciplinary team of scientists working on an ambitious three-and-a-half year project titled. The research cluster spanned neuroscience, artificial intelligence, geography, and complex systems in an attempt to understand the role of spatial organization and spatial processes in complex networks within the domains of neural control, geo-information systems and distributed IT systems such as those implicated in air-traffic control.
Wind direction effects on urban flows
Zheng-Tong Xie, Ian Castro (Investigators), Jean Claus
Numerical simulations of turbulent air flow are conducted on Iridis to investigate the effects of different wind directions on the flow within and above an urban-like canopy.
People
Professor, Electronics and Computer Science (FPAS)
Professor, Engineering Sciences (FEE)
Senior Lecturer, Civil Engineering & the Environment (FEE)
Senior Lecturer, Engineering Sciences (FEE)
Lecturer, Engineering Sciences (FEE)
Senior Research Fellow, Civil Engineering & the Environment (FEE)
Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Sound & Vibration Research (FEE)
Research Fellow, Civil Engineering & the Environment (FEE)
Postgraduate Research Student, Civil Engineering & the Environment (FEE)
Postgraduate Research Student, Engineering Sciences (FEE)
Postgraduate Research Student, Electronics and Computer Science (FPAS)
Administrative Staff, Research and Innovation Services
None, None